Improvement in turning-lathes



Sl 'Rl Turning Lathe.

Patented Oct 20, 1868.

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Letters Patent No. 83,181, dated October 20, 1868.

IMPROVEIWENT IN TURNINGLATHES.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of -the same.

To all whom it Imay concern Be t known that I, STEPHEN R.Lnw1s, of Rock ford, in the county of Winnebago, and State of Illinois, havejnvented a new'and useful Turning-Lathe; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description ofthe construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the annexeddrawing, forming part of this specification, in which-' i Figure 1 is an end view of the lat-he.

yFigure 2 is a side perspective 'view of the same.

Figure 3 shows a section of shaft 7"," with the loose pulleys lS S and sliding clutch t.

Figure 4 is a top view of the machine.

igure 5 shows tool-rest I and iinishing-lmives b, c, an 1 Figure 6 shows shaft R and its attachments.

My invention has reference to an improvement in that class of lathes designed for producing work of uniform shape, and is especially adapted for the manufacture of bobbins, spools, chair-work7 85e.; and consists in certain combinations of devices hereinafter to be set forth.

' In the drawing, the legs vB B B B support the bedpiece A, upon which are the head-block C and tail-block C', -which do not differ materially in these parts from those in common use.

The columns D D, resting on the v'bed-piece A, support the elevated way E, upon which the tool-rest F moves.

The tools a a are fastened to the tool-rest F by a plate and set-screw, 2.

The way H is fastened perpendicular-ly to the bedpiece A, on which moves the tool-rest I, having secured to it the finishing tools b c d.

The cutting-tools a af receive a movement longitudi nally with the worked piece f by mea-ns of the rack J, fastened to it, and operated on by the segment-wheel K.

The tool-rest ll receives its up-and-down movement by means of the rack L, secured to it, which is operated upon by the pinion K', upon the same sha-ft with segment-wheel K.

The tail-centre C is thrown back, when the tightening-screw 3 is released, by the action of the coiled spring yif, placed upon it, and is brought forward by the lever M.

rlhe steady-rest N serves the double purpose of support-ing the tail-centre, and of stripping from it the end of the block out from the iinished work by the chisel d.

The stripping-rod g is bent, wit-l1 one eye clasping the head-centre, and runningT thence under the work, is

fastened to the tail-centre, which, being thrown back, removes any block which may remain upon the headcentre, 'cut from the finished piece by the chisel c.

hen it is desired to move the cutting-tools by handpower, the machine,as above described, is complete, and is thus operated:

The head-centre receives motion by means of a belt running over pulley O, in lthe usual manner, and the piece to be turned being placed in proper position on the centres, (toolrest F being at rest on the right-hand end of way E, and tool-rest I at the upper end of way l-I,) the shaft P would be turned to the left hand by a crank fastened to it, which would move the tools a a', by means of the rack J and segment-wheel K.

Whenthe segment has moved the tools a a the length required to peiform the work, the cogs end, and of course the tools c a', are at rest, while the continued revolution of the shaft brings the nishing-tools b, c, and d to bear upon the piece f, by means of pinion K operating the rack L, which are thereby moved past the piece, giving it the desired form.

Reversing the crank brings the tools to the place of rest, when the tightening-screw 3 is loosened, and the coiled spring i, having thrown back the tail-centre G, the piece f is removed, and the operation may be repeated at pleasure. v It will be seen that the tools rt a arel in motion only a part of the time whilev the crank is being turned, while the tools l), c, and Z move continually, but, om the distance to be tra versed, onlyact a part of the time upon the work, that is, after the tools a a have traversed the piece and stopped.

This description of the machine is applicable toit when the feeding, that is, the moving of the tools, is performed by hand-power.

In order to facilitate the operation of the machine, the cutting-tools are caused to move automatically, by the following-described devices:

To the bed-piece A are fastened the supports la k of l shaft l, upon which are the pulleys on and n. From thebed-piece A is suspended the shaft fr, on its hangers h 7e., on which are th'e pulleys n', p p'. In like Inanner the' shaft is suspended, having on it the clutch t, the loose clutch-pulleys S S, and the fast pulley u. The clutch tis slotted, and slides upon the shaft fr', on a stationary key, and may connect either with the pulley S or S', either of which is made rigid with the shaft thereby, or it may rest between them, in which position both the pulleys move freely upon the shaft.

Upon shaft P is also the pulley a.

The shaft R- is supportedon cross-ties from the hangers h h. Upon this shaft is the wheel w, slotted for the studs 4 4J; also the wheel y, slotted for the studs 5 ln connection with the wheel y is the loose arm T, held between the adjustable studs 5 5', which is connected with rack L by the pitman The weighted arm `W is also fastened to shaft R, holding the wheel w within certain limits, by the adjustable studs 4 4'. This wheel w is loose upon shaft R, and has an extension, from its periphery downward, in which is a stud, moving in the groove of the sliding clutch t. i

Shaft a: is also suspended, on suitable bearings, from the bed-piece A.. O11 this shaft are the lever 7 and arm 7. Attached to the arm 7' the thrust-rod 8, the end of which passes through a bearin g in the crosstie, which extends from hanger leY to 71.'

Attached to the rack J is the thrust-bar S', having secured to it the trip-block 6.

The pulley m should receive motion by a belt running from pulley O.

A belt runs from pulley n on shaft I, with a half tmn to pulley 'n' on shaft r. An open belt runs from pulley 11 to loose pulley S on shaft 1". A crossed belt runs from pulley p', on shaft fr, to loose pulley S' on shaft r'. .An open 'belt runs from pulley u, on shaft if', to pulley a', on shaft P.

In operation, the feeding-device receives motion from the main head-centre pulley, O', by a belt passing over pulley m, which, 'in turn, communicates motion, by a haiitm'n belt, to shaft `1', on pulley fn. An open belt, running from pulley p to loose pulley S, imparts motion to shaft f', when the sliding clutch t is in mesh with said pulley, which, in turn, gives motion to shaft P, through the medium of the open belt running from pulley u to pulley u', on shaft P.

The rotation of shaft Pymeshes segment-wheel K into rack J, driving forward the tool-rest F; and the forward rotation of shaft P also brings down the finishing-knives b, c, and d, by means of the pinion K- meshing into rack L.

Rack L communicatesV motion to shaft R, by the pitman V, attached to arm T, which, when theiinishing-knives are fully down, has so far turned the shaft R as to bring the weighted arm W past its centre, when the weight, falling to the rear side, throws the clutch t into mesh with pulley S', which, through its crossed-belt connection, reverses the motions just 'l v shaft R, but limited in its movements by the studs 4 4',

described.

The back movement of tool-rest F brings the tripblock 6, of thrust-bar 8', against lever 7, thereby pushing 'it back, and hence throwing forward the thrustrod 8, against which the weight W rests when it passes the centre, in which position the clutch t is free from both the loose pulleys, S and S,\ and hence the tools rest, permitting the removal of the finished piece f, and another block put on the centres.

In removing the iinished piece, the nut 3 is loosened,I when the tail-centre is thrown back by the coiled spring i, the rest N stripping from the centre any block which may have been left on it by the finishing-tool d, while, bythe same movement, the stripping-rod g removes any block which may have remained on the head-centre by the action of the cutting-tool c.

Bringing forward lever M, to fasten the tail-centre in the block j, draws with it lever 7, and thereby thrustrod 8, which permits the weight-W to pass over, which thai-owe clutch tinto mesh with pulley S, hence starting the feeding-devices, as just explained.

In this invention, special attention is asked to th following, among other points:

First. The tool-rest I may support any desired number of cutting-chisels, and when more than one is used, the ont one should be placed higher than the next behind it, so as not to cut so deep. In this arrangement the Ipassage of the chisels along the way E will bring the piece f to a uniform size, and the segment having passed the rack J, the continued rotation of shaft P does not move the tools a a', but brings the finishing-knives b c d to the piece f, giving it the desired form. The nishing-km'ves may be of any desired form, and may be made of as many pieces as is thought most convenient, and, being fastened securely to the perpendicular tool-rest I, will insure a uniformity of the finished work.

Second. It will be seen that the rotation Yof shaft P gives an intermittent motion to the tool-rest F, by means of the segment-wheel K and rack J', whereby these tools, having passed the lengt-h of the piece'f, stop, while the' finishing-tools give it the desired form. These finishing-tools receive motion by the pinion K on shaft P, and receive a reciprocating motion by reversing the motion of the shaft. These tools are at rest on the way H, at the upper end, in which position they do not interfere with the removal of the piece f and replacing a new piece. The shaft P may be turned by a crank when the increased speed of the automatic feeding-device is notdeemed a suiicient compensation for its cost.

Y v Third. The stripping-rod g, clasping the head-centre,

is connected to the tail-centre, so that the rod shall clear the head-centre of any block which may have been left upon it by the iinishing-lmves, and, at the same time, the steady-rest N, which supports the tail- Vcentre when thrown forward, strips from it any block which may have been left-on it by the finishing-knives, when it is thrown back.' v f Fourth. It will be observed that the shafts l and fr have a constantmotion in one direction, by means of the belts already described; but, since the shaft P must reverse its motion, and also be a portion of the time at rest, the two pulleys, p p', fast upon shaft fr, and the two loose pulleys, S S', upon shaft fr', with the sliding clutch t, will give all these conditions; for, when the sliding clutch t connects with pulley S, the cuttingtools, through the system of belts already described, willreceive a forward movement, and when the clutch is connected with pulley S', a backward movement, and will rest when the clutch is free from both pulleys.

Fifth. The clutch treceives its motion from the stud in the arm of wheel w, which wheel is loose' upon ou either. side of the weighted arm W. This shaft R receives its motion from the pitman V, connecting the rack L, attached to the tool-rest I, through the loose arm T, which is limited in its movement by the studs 5 5', fastened in the wheel y. It will be seen that the action of pitlnan V upon this shaft wilLraise the weighted arm WV, Aand when it has passed the centre, will fall to the other side, carrying with it wheel fw, by means of the studs 4 4', and hence clutch t, which, connecting with' the opposite pulley, will reverse the motion of the tools, as already described.

Sixth As has been already stated, it is necessary to bring the cutting-tools to rest while the piece f is being replaced, and, since the weighted arm W would always incline to throw the clutch t into mesh with one or the other of the pulleys S S', I obviate this difficulty bythe thrust-rod 8, against which the leverW may rest until the rod is 'drawn back by Vthe action of lever M upon lever 7 This thrust-rod is thrown forward, by means of the nip-block 6,;upon thrust-bar 8,

which is secured to the tool-rest F, the backward move- Vment of which brings trip-block 6 against lever 7, which rotates shaft x, and thus throws forward the thrustbar 8, which is connected to lever 7 Having thus described my invention,

What I` desire to claim, and secure by Letters Patent, is

The combination and arrangement of the tool-rests F and I, with the cutting-tools secured thereto, with -segmentwlieel K,"and pinion K', and racks J and L,

the whole constructed `substantially as described, and operating as and for the purpose set forth. v

STEPHEN R. LEWIS. Witnesses:

W. W. Bonson, J Aeon BEHEL. 

